Periwayatan Hadith Secara Al-Tafarrud Menurut Sarjana Hadith: Antara Penerimaan Dan Penolakan
Narration of Al-Tafarrud Hadith According to The Hadith Scholars: Between Accepttance and Rejection
Abstract
There are instances where hadiths from the Prophet (PBUH) are narrated in the form of al-tafarrud which is the solitary narration of a hadith from a narrator that occurs in any tabaqah sanad. This al-tafarrud narration can be identified by the use of certain terms such as tafarrada bih fulan, gharib, la yutaba‘‘alayh and others. The scholars of hadith hold different views pertaining to the acceptance and rejection of al-tafarrud narration. Thus this work aims to analyse the scholarly views of these hadith scholars in accepting or rejecting al-tafarrud hadiths by presenting all of their arguments against the views debated. This paper is a qualitative study involving data collection through library research and data were analysed based on the inductive and deductive methods. The findings of this study showed that the al-tafarrud narrations from weak narrators are rejected by hadith scholars. The findings also revealed two views concerning al-tafarrud narations from maqbul narrators. The first view fully accepts the narrations while the second view accepts or rejects them based on certain grounds, namely the tabaqah of the narrators, his fame and prominence in the study of hadiths, his relationship with the teacher, the existence of any peculiarity in the narrators (sanad) or the textual part of the hadith (matan) and the existence of any disputes in the source that is thabit.
ABSTRAK
Terdapat hadith-hadith yang diriwayatkan dari Nabi SAW dalam bentuk al-tafarrud iaitu periwayatan hadith secara bersendirian dari seorang perawi yang berlaku pada mana-mana tabaqah sanad. Periwayatan hadith secara al-tafarrud ini dapat dikenalpasti melalui penggunaan istilah-istilah seperti tafarrada bih fulan, gharib, la yutaba‘ ‘alayh dan lain-lain lagi. Para sarjana hadith didapati berbeza pandangan dari segi penerimaan dan penolakan riwayat al-tafarrud. Justeru kerta kerja ini bertujuan menganalisis pandangan sarjana hadith dalam menerima atau menolak periwayatan al-tafarrud dengan mengemukakan hujah-hujah bagi setiap pandangan. Kajian yang dijalankan ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif sepenuhnya yang melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui kajian kepustakaan. Data-data dianalisis berdasarkan kaedah induktif dan deduktif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa al-tafarrud dari perawi da‘if ditolak oleh para sarjana hadith. Manakala bagi al-tafarrud dari perawi maqbul, terdapat dua pandangan. Pandangan pertama diterima secara mutlak, manakala pandangan kedua pula tidak diterima atau ditolak secara mutlak, tetapi mengambilkira beberapa aspek antaranya seperti kedudukan tabaqah perawi, kemasyhurannya dalam periwayatan hadith dan hubungannya dengan guru, berlaku keganjilan dalam sanad atau matan dan menyelisihi sumber yang thabit.
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